Name	Media Control GfK International
Size	200px
Formation	1976
Type	Market research, Service Provider of Media Monitoring, Analysis and Evaluation
Headquarters	Baden Baden
Location	Germany
Leader title	Managing Director
Leader name	Ulrike Altig
Website	www.media-control.de }}

The official music charts in Germany are gathered and published by the company Media Control GfK International on behalf of Bundesverband Musikindustrie (Federal Association of Phonographic Industry). Media Control GfK International is the provider of weekly Top-100 single/album, Compilation, Jazz Top-30, Classic Top-20, Schlager Longplay Top-20, Music-DVD Top-20 and the official-Dance (ODC) Top-50 charts.

Official charts in Germany are presented by various companies who release charts on a weekly basis, online or on television. One example would be VIVA music channel which was founded in 1993. Another two examples would be MusicLoad and MIX 1 both of which are online associations who post almost all the charts on weekly bases published by Media Control GfK International. The entire batch of the official charts; however, is presented by online enterprise called Charts.de which happens to be the subsidiary of Media Control GfK International.

History

Charts have been published in Germany since 1959, in a magazine called ''Der Musikmarkt'' (The Music Market), which has played an important role in the German music industry. Since 1959, the growing desire for having a well developed music program has made ''Bunderverband Musikindustrie'' work together with charts provider to improve the way the charts were determined.

For this purpose, different research institutes were tested, out of which ''Media Control,'' based in Baden Baden was selected. Hence, the first official charts were made available in the magazine ''Der Musikmarkt'' in September 1977.

Initially, there used to be 50 positions only, which later in January 1980, was extended to 75 slots. Since 1989; however, Media Control has adapted the international standards providing 100 positions, called "Media Control Top 100". Since 2001, the Top-100 singles charts was modified to reflect the sales of the singles.

''Media Control'' developed "Music Video charts" in 2001, which later, in 2004, was renamed as "DVD charts". While Music-videos have their own separate charts, in 2001, Media Control made it possible for the Music-video singles to have the ability to enter the Top-100 singles chart. Similarly, in 2002, it was made available for the Music-video albums to chart on the Top-100 album chart, if the Video album contains at least 50% of audio recording. If not, then, the DVD album could qualify for DVD chart only. In the same vein, if an audio CD contains at least 50% of Video recording, then, it could qualify to chart on the DVD chart.

In 2004, Germany became one of the first music markets wherein sales charts were reflected by online digital downloads.

Digital-only releases came into existence on July 13, 2007 for online downloads only, which also altered the way the sales figures were conducted up to that point. Consequently, chart positions would no longer be affected by the number of sold music downloads as before, but rather, they would be affected by the sales value of the sold product. Thus, the best-selling albums would not necessarily be the ones ending up in the number one position on the charts.

There are currently 3000 outlets that report their sales on weekly bases in Germany. The weekly sales data is transmitted to Media Control via communication network channel, ''PhonoNet''.

Categories

List of charts that are provided by Media Control.

Top 100 Singles

Top 100 Albums

Top 100 Compilation Charts

Daily Trends (Top 150 singles and albums, top 50 compilation)

Download Charts (singles and albums)

Top 30 Jazz Charts

Top 20 Classic Charts

Top 20 Schlager Longplay Charts

Top 20 Music video Charts

Top 20 Newcomer Charts

Top 20 Independent Charts

Top 10 Comedy Charts

Top 50 ODC (Official Dance Charts)

See also

Bundesverband Musikindustrie

List of number one hits in Germany

List of best-selling singles by year (Germany)

References

External links

Category:German record charts

az:Media Control Charts cs:Media Control Charts da:Top 100 Singler (Tyskland) de:Media-Control-Charts es:Media Control Charts fr:Media Control Charts hr:Media Control Charts it:Media Control Charts lt:Media Control Charts mk:Media Control Charts nl:Musikmarkt Top 100 pl:Media Control Charts pt:Media Control Charts ru:Media Control Charts sk:Media Control Charts sr:Media Control Charts fi:Media Control Charts sv:Media Control Charts uk:Media Control Charts vi:Media Control Charts

name	Rip Torn
birth name	Elmore Rual Torn, Jr.
birth date	February 06, 1931
birth place	Temple, Texas, U.S.
occupation	Actor
years active	1956–present
spouse	Ann Wedgeworth''(1955–61; divorced, 1 child)''Geraldine Page''(1963–87; her death, 3 children)''Amy Wright''(1989–present, 2 children)'' }}

Elmore Rual "Rip" Torn, Jr. (born February 6, 1931), is an American actor of stage, screen and television.

Torn received an Academy Award nomination as Best Supporting Actor for his role in the 1983 film ''Cross Creek''. His work includes the role of Artie, the producer, on ''The Larry Sanders Show'', for which he was nominated for six Emmy Awards, winning in 1996. Torn also won an American Comedy Award for Funniest Supporting Male in a Series, and two CableACE Awards for his work on the show, and was nominated for a Satellite Award in 1997 as well.

Early life

Torn was born Elmore Rual Torn, Jr. in Temple, Texas, the son of Thelma Mary (née Spacek) and Elmore Rual Torn, an agriculturalist and economist. Being given the name "Rip" is a family tradition of men in the Torn family for several generations. It was given to him by his father, who was also called Rip; although as a young child and teenager he was referred to as "Skippy". He is the brother of Sam Torn, who is the owner of Camp Ozark. He graduated from Texas A&M University in 1952. He was a member of the Texas A&M Corps of Cadets and is a member of the Sigma Chi fraternity.

Film career

Following graduation from Texas A&M, Torn relocated from his native Texas to Hollywood, making his debut in the 1956 film ''Baby Doll''. Torn then headed to New York where he studied at the Actors Studio under Lee Strasberg, becoming a prolific stage actor, appearing in the original cast of Tennessee Williams' play ''Sweet Bird of Youth'', and reprising the role in the film and television adaptations. While in New York, Torn introduced his cousin, the Oscar-winning actress Sissy Spacek, to the entertainment business, and helped her enroll in Strasberg's Actors Studio.

One of his earliest roles was in the film ''Pork Chop Hill'', playing the brother-in-law of Gregory Peck's character. He also played an uncredited role in ''A Face in the Crowd'' as Barry Mills, touted as the down-home successor to Andy Griffith's megalomaniacal TV star Lonesome Rhodes. In 1957 Torn played "Jody", a young man trying to avenge the death of his father in an early episode so titled of John Payne's NBC western television series, ''The Restless Gun''. He also played an arrogant young thief on ''Alfred Hitchcock Presents'' – the episode is entitled, "Number Twenty-Two". Rip also played Judas Iscariot in MGM's ''King of Kings'' released in 1961.

In 1963 he appeared as a graduate student with multiple degrees at fictitious Channing College in the ABC drama ''Channing'' starring Jason Evers and Henry Jones. That same year, he appeared as Roy Kendall in the episode "Millions of Faces" in the ABC medical drama about psychiatry, ''Breaking Point'' with Paul Richards. In 1964 Torn appeared as Eddie Sanderson in the episode "The Secret in the Stone" of the NBC psychiatric drama, ''The Eleventh Hour'' with Ralph Bellamy and Jack Ging. That same year, he appeared in the premiere of the short-lived CBS drama ''The Reporter'', starring Harry Guardino as a New York City journalist. In 1965 he portrayed Colonel Royce in the "The Lorelei" episode of ''12 O-Clock High (TV series)''.

He has been a character actor in numerous films since then, including roles such as those of New Orleans blackmailer Slade opposite Steve McQueen and Karl Malden in 1965's ''The Cincinnati Kid'' or the gruff boss Agent Zed in ''Men in Black''.

The part of lawyer George Hanson in the Peter Fonda-Dennis Hopper road movie ''Easy Rider'' was written for Torn by Terry Southern (who was a close friend), but according to Southern's biographer Lee Hill, Torn withdrew from the project after he and co-director Dennis Hopper got into a bitter argument in a New York restaurant. On the Tonight Show in 1994, Hopper said that the argument ended with Torn pulling a knife – a statement that was later rescinded. As a result, Torn was replaced by Jack Nicholson, whose appearance in the film catapulted him to stardom.

Torn portrayed a psychiatrist who installed a hidden camera in his New York office to record his own mental breakdown in ''Coming Apart'' (1969). In 1972 he won rave reviews for his portrayal of a country & western singer in the cult film ''Payday''. In 1976 he starred in the cult classic science fiction movie ''The Man Who Fell to Earth''. In 1979 Torn along with Conchata Ferrell starred in the Richard Pearce directed film "Heartland" about early homestead life in western America. He received an Academy Award nomination as Best Supporting Actor for his role in the 1983 film ''Cross Creek''.

In 1988 he ventured into directing with the offbeat comedy ''The Telephone'', starring Whoopi Goldberg. The screenplay was written by Terry Southern and Harry Nilsson, and the film was produced by their company Hawkeye. The story, which focused on an unhinged, out-of-work actor, had been written with Robin Williams in mind. After he turned it down, Goldberg expressed a strong interest, but when production began Torn reportedly had to contend with Goldberg constantly digressing and improvising, and he had to plead with her to perform takes that stuck to the script. Goldberg was backed by the studio, who also allowed her to replace Torn's chosen DP, veteran cinematographer John Alonzo, with her then-husband. As a result of the power struggle, Torn, Southern and Nilsson cut their own version of the film, using the takes that adhered to the script, and this was screened at the Sundance Film Festival, but the studio put together a rival version using other takes and it was poorly reviewed when it premiered in January 1988. In 1990 he played the ultra-hawkish Colonel Fargo in the cold war drama ''By Dawn's Early Light''. In 1991 he portrayed Albert Brooks' defense attorney in the comedy ''Defending Your Life''. In 1993 Torn played the OCP CEO in the science fiction film, ''Robocop 3'', and was Gord's dad, James "Jim" Brody, in ''Freddy Got Fingered''.

Stage career

Broadway

Torn has appeared in ten Broadway plays, and directed one. He made his feature Broadway debut in 1959, when he played Tom Junior in ''Sweet Bird of Youth'', for which he won a Theater World Award, also receiving a Tony Award nomination. He returned next in 1962 in the play ''Daughter of Silence'' as Carlo, following that with a role in the 1963 production of ''Strange Interlude''. In 1964, he played Lyle Britten in ''Blues for Mister Charlie'', and four years later he was Roberto in ''The Cuban Thing'' for its only performance on September 24, 1968. In 1971 he played Edgar in ''Dance of Death'', and directed his first Broadway play in 1973: ''Look Away''. He played The Son in the Broadway revival of ''The Glass Menagerie'' in 1975, and five years later played Don in ''Mixed Couples''. Torn was absent from Broadway for thirteen years, but returned in 1993 to play Chris Christopherson in ''Anna Christie''. In his last Broadway appearance he played Will Kidder in ''The Young Man from Atlanta'' in 1997.

Off Broadway

Torn made his feature Off Broadway acting debut as Eben Cabot in the play ''Desire Under the Elms'', followed by Peter in ''The Kitchen'' at the 81st Street Theatre. His third Off Broadway role was Marion-Faye-A-Pimp in ''The Deer Park'', for which he won the 1967 Obie Award for Distinguished Performance. He performed at the Lucille Lortel Theatre in the play ''Dream of a Blacklisted Actor'', and later in the Joseph Papp Public Theater's Anspacher Theater as William McLeod in ''Barbary Shore''. He last acted Off Broadway at the American Place Theatre as Henry Hackamore in the play ''Seduced''.

Torn's Off Broadway debut as director was for the Evergreen Theater with the play ''The Beard''; he won the 1968 Obie for Distinguished Direction for that work. He next directed ''The Honest-to-God Schnozzia'' at the Gramercy Arts Theater, followed by Strindberg's ''Creditors'' and ''The Stronger'' – in which he also acted beside he wife at the time, Geraldine Page and his future wife, Amy Wright – in the Anspacher Theater of the Joseph Papp Public Theater. Torn and Page also co-produced that production, and had previously presented the two plays along with ''Miss Julie'' at the off-off-Broadway Hudson Guild Theatre'' the year before.

''The Larry Sanders Show''

From 1992 to 1998 Torn played veteran television producer "Artie" on the HBO series ''The Larry Sanders Show'', a satire about celebrity-driven Hollywood talk shows. For his work, Torn received six consecutive Emmy award nominations as Best Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series and won the award once (1996). Torn is the only actor on the show who won an Emmy Award for his work. Other than the Emmys, Torn received two American Comedy Awards nominations for Funniest Male Performance in a Series, winning once, and two CableACE Awards for his work on the show.

Later career

Following ''The Larry Sanders Show'', Torn has appeared in many comedic roles in films such as ''Dodgeball: A True Underdog Story'', ''Freddy Got Fingered'', ''Canadian Bacon'' and ''Rolling Kansas'', as well as dramatic roles in films such as ''The Insider'' and ''Marie Antoinette''. Torn is also known for his voice work, and has done voice-overs for many animated films. He lent his voice to the Jerry Seinfeld film ''Bee Movie''.

In 2007 and 2008 Torn made five guest appearances on the Emmy-award winning NBC comedy ''30 Rock'' as the fictional Chief Executive Officer of General Electric, Don Geiss. He was nominated for an Emmy Award in the category for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Comedy Series, but lost to Tim Conway, who also guest starred in the same sitcom. Torn's character was reportedly killed off as a direct result of his 2010 arrest, though Tina Fey denied this in a DVD commentary. Torn voiced the character of Hephaestus in the 2010 video game, God of War III. He will also star once again as Chief Zed on the film Men in Black III.

Personal life

Family

Torn has been married 3 times and has 6 children:

Torn was married to actress Ann Wedgeworth from 1956 to 1961 with whom he had a daughter, Danae Torn.

After his divorce from Wedgeworth, he married the Oscar-winning actress Geraldine Page in 1963. Page and Torn remained married until her death in 1987. They had three children: Tony Torn, Jon Torn (an Electronic Media and Film teacher at Northern Arizona University) and actress Angelica Torn. Torn apparently delighted in the fact that their country estate was called Torn Page.

His first cousin, Sissy Spacek, lived with Torn and Page when she first moved to New York (circa 1966) to pursue a show business career. Torn helped her enroll in the Actors Studio.

He currently is married to actress Amy Wright with whom he has two children, Katie and Claire.

Legal troubles

In January 2004 Torn was arrested in New York City after his car collided with a taxi. A video of his arrest in which he curses at officers and angrily refuses a breathalyzer test was aired on television news outlets. In October 2004 a jury acquitted Torn of any wrongdoing.

In December 2006 Torn was again arrested for drunk driving in North Salem, New York, after colliding with a tractor trailer. In April 2007 Torn pleaded guilty and had his drivers license suspended for 90 days and was required to pay a $380 fine.

On December 14, 2008, Torn was again arrested on suspicion of drunk driving. A bartender at the White Hart Inn in Salisbury, Connecticut reportedly served Torn, but apparently noticed he appeared intoxicated as he was leaving the establishment, according to a police report. Torn reportedly refused a ride home and got into his vehicle with a Christmas tree tied on top and drove away. He was convicted and sentenced to probation in May 2009.

On January 29, 2010, Torn was arrested after breaking into a closed Litchfield Bancorp branch office in Lakeville, Connecticut, where Torn maintains a residence. He was charged with carrying a firearm without a permit, carrying a firearm while intoxicated, first-degree burglary, second-degree criminal trespassing and third-degree criminal mischief. The Connecticut State Police said that Torn broke into the bank thinking it was his home. On February 1, 2010, Torn appeared in court where his attorney, A. Thomas Waterfall, told the judge that his client needed help with his alcohol abuse and that he could start treatment immediately in New York state. Torn was released on $100,000 bail. As a condition of his release, the judge said Torn must be evaluated for substance abuse.

On August 11, 2010, Torn was denied special probation which would have allowed his name to be cleared of charges. The judge in the case cited Torn's history of alcohol abuse, and the possession of a loaded weapon while intoxicated, which carries a minimum one-year sentence.

On-set conflicts

Appearing as an interview subject in Studs Terkel's 1974 oral-history book ''Working'', Torn confessed, "I have certain flaws in my make-up. Something called irascibility. I get angry easily. I get saddened by things easily."

While filming ''Maidstone'' (1970) Torn, apparently unhappy with the film, struck director and star of the film Norman Mailer in the head with a hammer. With the camera rolling, Mailer bit Torn's ear and they wrestled to the ground. The fight continued until it was broken up by cast and crew members as Mailer's children screamed in the background. The fight is featured in the film. Although the scene may have been planned by Torn, the blood shed by both actors is real, and Torn was reportedly truly outraged by Mailer's direction.

In 1999 Torn filed a defamation lawsuit against Dennis Hopper over a story Hopper told on ''The Tonight Show with Jay Leno''. Hopper claimed that Torn pulled a knife on him during pre-production of the film ''Easy Rider'' (1969). According to Hopper, Torn was originally cast in the film but was replaced with Jack Nicholson after the incident. According to Torn's suit, it was actually Hopper who pulled the knife on him. A judge ruled in Torn's favor and Hopper was ordered to pay $475,000 in damages. Hopper then appealed but the judge again ruled in Torn's favor and Hopper was required to pay another $475,000 in punitive damages.

Filmography

:''See Filmography of Rip Torn''

References

;Notes

External links

Rip Torn at The TV IV

Production: Anna Christie - ''Working in the Theater Seminar'' video at American Theatre Wing.org, January 1993

Category:1931 births Category:Living people Category:People from Temple, Texas Category:Actors from Texas Category:Texas Republicans Category:American film actors Category:American film directors Category:American stage actors Category:American television actors Category:American voice actors Category:Texas A&M University alumni

cy:Rip Torn da:Rip Torn de:Rip Torn es:Rip Torn fr:Rip Torn it:Rip Torn he:ריפ טורן nl:Rip Torn ja:リップ・トーン no:Rip Torn nds:Rip Torn pl:Rip Torn pt:Rip Torn ro:Rip Torn ru:Торн, Рип sh:Rip Torn fi:Rip Torn sv:Rip Torn tl:Rip Torn

Name	Herman Cain
Office	Chairman of the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City
Term start	1995
Term end	1996
Predecessor	Burton A. Dole, Jr
Successor	A. Drue Jennings
Office2	Deputy Chairman of the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City
Term start2	1992
Term end2	1994
Predecessor2	Burton A. Dole, Jr
Successor2	A. Drue Jennings
Birth date	December 13, 1945
Birth place	Memphis, Tennessee, US
Residence	Sandy Springs, Georgia, US
Occupation	BusinessmanRadio hostColumnist
Party	Republican
Spouse	Gloria Cain
Children	Melanie Cain and Vincent Cain
Religion	National Baptist
Alma mater	Morehouse College (B.A.)Purdue University (M.S.)
Website	hermancain.com }}

Herman Cain (born December 13, 1945) is an American businessman, politician, columnist, and radio host from Georgia. He is the former chairman and CEO of Godfather's Pizza and a former deputy chairman (1992–94) and chairman (1995–96) of the board of directors to the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City. Before his business and economics career he worked as a mathematician in ballistics for the United States Navy. Cain's newspaper column is distributed by North Star Writers Group. He lives in the Atlanta suburbs, where he also serves as a minister at Antioch Baptist Church North.

In January 2011, Cain announced he had formed an exploratory committee for a potential presidential campaign for the Republican presidential nomination in 2012, and on May 21, 2011, Cain officially announced his candidacy.

Background

Cain was born in Memphis, Tennessee, on December 13, 1945, the son of Lenora (née Davis) and Luther Cain, Jr. His mother was a cleaner and his father was a chauffeur. He was raised in Georgia. He graduated from Morehouse College in 1967 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in mathematics and received a Master of Science degree in computer science from Purdue University in 1971, while he was also working full-time in ballistics for the U.S. Department of the Navy. Cain has authored four books: ''Leadership is Common Sense'' (1997), ''Speak as a Leader'' (1999), ''CEO of SELF'' (October 2001), and ''They Think You're Stupid'' (May 2005). He also authored an article titled "The Intangibles of Implementation" in the technical journal ''Interfaces'' (Vol. 9, No. 5, 1979, pp. 144-147), published by the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS).

Business career

After completing his master's degree from Purdue, Cain left the Department of the Navy and began working for The Coca-Cola Company as a business analyst. In 1977, he joined Pillsbury where he rose to the position of Vice President by the early 1980s. He left his executive post to work for Burger King – a Pillsbury subsidiary at the time – managing 400 stores in the Philadelphia area. Under Cain's leadership, his region went from the least profitable for Burger King to the most profitable in three years. This prompted Pillsbury to appoint him President and CEO of Godfather's Pizza, another of their then-subsidiaries. Within 14 months, Cain had returned Godfather's to profitability. In 1988, Cain and a group of investors bought Godfather's from Pillsbury. Cain continued as CEO until 1996, when he resigned to become CEO of the National Restaurant Association – a trade group and lobby organization for the restaurant industry – where he had previously been chairman concurrently with his role at Godfather's.

Cain became a member of the board of directors to the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City in 1992 and served as its chairman from January 1995 to August 1996, when he resigned to become active in national politics. Cain was a 1996 recipient of the Horatio Alger Award.

Cain was on the board of directors of Aquila, Inc. from 1992 to 2008, and also served as a board member for Nabisco, Whirlpool, Reader's Digest, and AGCO, Inc.

Media work

Cain serves as a commentator for Fox Business; he is also a syndicated columnist distributed by the North Star Writers Group. Until February 2011, Cain hosted ''The Herman Cain Show'' on Atlanta talk radio station News Talk 750 WSB, a Cox Radio affiliate. In 2009, Cain founded "Hermanator's Intelligent Thinkers Movement" (HITM), aimed at organizing 100,000 activists in every congressional district in the United States in support of a strong national defense, the FairTax, tax cuts, energy independence, capping government spending, and restructuring Social Security.

Political activities

Role in the defeat of the Clinton health care plan

Cain publicly opposed the 1993/1994 health care plan of President Bill Clinton and First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton. As president-elect of the National Restaurant Association, he challenged Bill Clinton on the costs of the employer mandate contained within the bill and criticizing its effect on small businesses. Cain has been described as one of the primary "saboteurs" of the plan: :The Clintons would later blame "Harry and Louise," the fictional couple in the ads aired by the insurance industry, for undermining health reform. But the real saboteurs are named Herman and John. Herman Cain is the president of Godfather's Pizza and president-elect of the National Restaurant Association. An articulate black entrepreneur, Cain transformed the debate when he challenged Clinton at a town meeting in Kansas City, Mo., last April. Cain asked the president what he was supposed to say to the workers he would have to lay off because of the cost of the "employer mandate." Clinton responded that there would be plenty of subsidies for small businessmen, but Cain persisted. "Quite honestly, your calculation is inaccurate," he told the president. "In the competitive marketplace it simply doesn't work that way." Joshua Green of ''The Atlantic'' has called Cain's exchange with Clinton his "auspicious debut on the national political stage."

1996 Senior Advisor of Dole/Kemp Campaign

Cain was a senior economic advisor to the Dole/Kemp presidential campaign in 1996.

2000 presidential campaign

Cain briefly ran for the Republican presidential nomination in 2000; he says it was more about making political statements than winning the nomination. "George W. Bush was the chosen one, he had the campaign DNA that followers look for." However, Cain went on to state, "I believe that I had a better message and I believe that I was the better messenger."

2004 U.S. Senate candidacy

In 2004, Cain ran for the U.S. Senate in Georgia, pursuing the seat that came open with the retirement of Democrat Zell Miller. Cain sought the Republican nomination, facing congressmen Johnny Isakson and Mac Collins in the primary. Cain and Collins both hoped to deny Isakson a majority on primary day in order to force him into a runoff. Collins tried to paint Cain as a moderate, citing Cain's support for affirmative action programs, while Cain argued that he was a conservative, noting that he opposed the legality of abortion even in cases of rape and incest. Cain finished second in the primary with 26.2% of the vote, ahead of Collins, who won 20.6%, but because Isakson won 53.2% of the vote, Isakson was able to avoid a runoff.

2012 presidential candidacy

In 2010, "Cain addressed more than 40 Tea Party rallies, hit all the early presidential states, and became a YouTube sensation." In April, he teased the audience at the Southern Republican Leadership Conference about his being a possible 2012 presidential candidate by saying that there may be a "dark horse candidate." On September 24, 2010, Cain announced that he was considering a run for president in 2012 on the Republican Party ticket. "In December, he was the surprise choice for 2012 GOP nominee in a reader poll on the conservative Web site RedState.com, narrowly edging out [Sarah] Palin."

Cain announced the formation of a presidential exploratory committee on January 12, 2011 on the Fox News Channel program ''Your World with Neil Cavuto''.

Cain supports a non-federally subsidized efficient economic stimulus, saying: "We could grow this economy faster if we had bolder, more direct stimulus policies," criticizing President Barack Obama's stimulus plan as simply a "spending bill" instead of meaningful stimulus through permanent tax cuts.

In February 2011, Cain addressed the Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC). Ed Morrisey of the conservative website Hot Air said he "stole the show" and that some attendees were moved to tears by the speech. In contrast, liberal website AlterNet accused Cain of pandering to white conservatives and referred to him and other black conservatives as "garbage pail kids". Cain called the news website's attacks racist and condemned its "shameful behavior".

A number of comments made by Cain regarding his attitudes towards Muslim people have caused controversy. He has stated that he was "uncomfortable" when he found that the surgeon operating on his liver and colon cancer was Muslim, later explaining "based upon the little knowledge that I have of the Muslim religion, you know, they have an objective to convert all infidels or kill them". Following a number of such comments, he was asked in March 2011 if he would feel comfortable appointing a Muslim to his administration or as a Judge. Cain said "No, I will not ... There's this creeping attempt, there's this attempt, to gradually ease Shariah Law, and the Muslim faith into our government. It does not belong in our government" and he went on to cite court cases in Oklahoma and New Jersey as evidence. He was criticized for this remark by conservatives at Grover Norquist's weekly Wednesday Gatherings, one of whom called the remark "frightening." Cain's statement was also criticized as "bigotry" and "muslim bashing" from CAIR, whose spokesperson stated "It would be laughable if it weren't having such a negative impact on the lives of Muslim Americans". Cain opposed the building of an Islamic Center for a Muslim community at a site in Tennessee, claiming that it was "an infringement and an abuse of our freedom of religion" and "just another way to try to gradually sneak Shariah law into our laws". Defending himself against the suggestion that this would be bigotry or discrimination during an interview with Chris Wallace, he defended his position, saying "I'm willing to take a harder look at people who might be terrorists, that's what I'm saying".

In an interview with Bloomberg view, Cain argued that he is a 'black American' rather than an 'African American' on account of being able to trace his ancestors within the US, describing Barack Obama as "more of an international...look, he was raised in Kenya, his mother was white from Kansas and her family had an influence on him, it’s true, but his dad was Kenyan". Interviewer Jeffrey Goldberg pointed out that Obama had spent 4 years of his childhood abroad, and that it was in Indonesia – not Kenya, at which point Cain revised his claim.

On May 5, 2011 Fox News presented a presidential campaign debate. Cain was one of five potential candidates who participated. (The others were Tim Pawlenty, Ron Paul, Gary Johnson and Rick Santorum as the higher-profile candidates declined Fox's invitation.) Cain was declared the winner by pollster Frank Luntz after a show of hands among 29 debate witnesses who were chosen by Fox to act as a post-performance focus group.

On June 3, 2011, an Insider-Advantage poll showed Cain leading the field of Republican primary candidates among Georgia Republicans. A July 2011 Zogby poll showed Cain in second place nationally, with 18% of the vote, behind Michele Bachmann and ahead of Romney.

Political positions

Personal life

Religious involvement

Cain is an associate minister at Antioch Baptist Church North in Atlanta, which he joined at the age of 10. The church is part of the National Baptist Convention, USA.

Cancer

In 2006, Cain was diagnosed with Stage IV cancer in both his colon and his liver. Cain underwent surgery and chemotherapy following the diagnosis, and has since reported that he is cancer-free.

Race

Cain has shared first-hand accounts of racial discrimination. In a YouTube video uploaded by his campaign, he describes the experience of sitting behind the white/black demarcation on buses. He also talks about the experience of taking turns with his brother, standing watch as each took a drink from the "white" side of a segregated water fountain in a department store.

Honorary degrees

Cain is the recipient of eight honorary degrees from Creighton, Johnson & Wales, Morehouse College, Nebraska, New York City Technical College, Purdue, Suffolk University, and Tougaloo College.

References

External links

Herman Cain, President 2012 official campaign website

Column archives at the North Star Writers Group

Profile at ''Forbes''

Watch Herman Cain Battle Bill Clinton on Health Care, Joshua Green, ''The Atlantic'', January 2011, with Profile

Category:1945 births Category:Living people Category:African American United States presidential candidates Category:African American radio personalities Category:American businesspeople Category:American chief executives Category:American columnists Category:American political writers Category:American talk radio hosts Category:Colorectal cancer survivors Category:Georgia (U.S. state) Republicans Category:Morehouse College alumni Category:People from Atlanta, Georgia Category:People from Memphis, Tennessee Category:Purdue University alumni Category:Radio personalities from Atlanta, Georgia Category:United States presidential candidates, 2012 Category:Businesspeople from Tennessee

cs:Herman Cain de:Herman Cain fa:هرمان کاین fo:Herman Cain hsb:Herman Cain ja:ハーマン・ケイン no:Herman Cain simple:Herman Cain sv:Herman Cain

}}

Mary Louise Carew Armstrong (September 8, 1913 – July 12, 2002) was an American athlete who competed in the sprints. She was born in Medford, Massachusetts.

She competed for the United States in the 1932 Summer Olympics held in Los Angeles, USA in the 4 x 100 metres where she won the gold medal with her team mates Evelyn Furtsch, Annette Rogers and 100m bronze medalist Wilhelmina von Bremen. She died in Framingham, Massachusetts.

Category:1913 births Category:2002 deaths Category:American sprinters Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 1932 Summer Olympics Category:Olympic track and field athletes of the United States Category:Olympic gold medalists for the United States Category:Olympic medalists in athletics (track and field)

de:Mary Carew fr:Mary Carew ja:メアリー・カルー no:Mary Carew pl:Mary Carew

Paul Kincaid is a British science fiction critic. His writing has appeared in a wide range of publications including New Scientist, Times Literary Supplement, Literary Review, New York Review of Science Fiction, Foundation, Science Fiction Studies, Interzone and Strange Horizons. He is a former editor of ''Vector'', the critical journal of the British Science Fiction Association. He is the author of:

A Very British Genre: A Short History of British Fantasy and Science Fiction (BSFA, 1995)

What It Is We Do When We Read Science Fiction (Harold Wood, Essex: Beccon Publications, 2008)

He stepped down as chairman of the Arthur C. Clarke Award in April 2006 after twenty years. He is the co-editor with Andrew M. Butler of:

The Arthur C. Clarke Award: A Critical Anthology (Daventry, Northants: Serendip Foundation, 2006)

He was the 2006 recipient of the Clareson Award for outstanding service in the field of science fiction.

External links

Paul Kincaid's homepage

Category:Science fiction critics Category:Science fiction fans Category:Living people